Background The historical view of palliative care has been challenged in the recent years due to a number of demographic and technological transitions- Aging population, longer life expectancies, changing illness trajectories, and advances in pharmacological and surgical techniques. The present analysis elucidates the historical evolution of the concept of palliative care, explicates its meanings, and compares it with related terms, i.e., hospice or terminal care. Methods Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis was employed. Data were synthesized using multidisciplinary databases (Medicine, Nursing, and Social Sciences, 1965-2003), to identify attributes, antecedents, and consequences of palliative care. Conclusions The current concept of palliative care has a problematic sociolinguistic etymology originating in Latin-based Elizabethan tradition. An alternative etymological understanding is presented. Attributes of the current palliative care concept include, total, active, individualized care; advanced care planning; support for family; interdisciplinary team work; and effective communication. Results reinforce that cure and palliation are not mutually exclusive categories.